2024年初中英語語法人稱代詞知識講解及練習(xí)

英語中考專項講解練習(xí)-代詞(人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞)

一、代詞的定義

代替名詞的詞叫做代詞。

二、代詞的分類

英語中代詞分為：人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等等。

三、人稱代詞

人稱代詞代替人和事物的名稱,分為主格和賓格兩種形式。

1.主格主要用來作句子的主語。如：

I often go shopping on Sundays.

星期天我常去購物

Are they from Brazil?

他們是巴西人嗎?

*注：

如果有幾個人稱代詞并列充當主語，他們的順序是you, he, I

2.賓格主要用來作及物動詞或者介詞的賓語。如：

Who teaches you English this year?

今年誰教你們的英語?

Help me!

救救我!

We often write letters to her.

我們常給她寫信(介詞賓語)

3.人稱代詞作表語或者放在比較狀語從句連詞than或as之后時,可以用主格形式,也可以用賓格形式,口語中大多用賓格。如：

–Who is it? 是誰?

–It’s I/me. 是我。

4.人稱代詞it的使用方法

-表示“時間、天氣、溫度、距離、情況”等含義

— What’s the weather like today? (今天天氣怎樣?)

— It’s fine.(天氣晴好)

— What’s the time?(幾點啦?)

— It’s 12：00.(12點)

It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.

-It作為先行詞，在句中作形式主語和形式賓語*

It is wrong to ear monkeys, so I don’t. 真正的主語是不定式短語to eat monkey，后置是因為英語中講究尾重原則，句子中越重要的信息越要放在句尾，句子后面的部分要比主語更長。

It won’t be easy finding out way home.

四、物主代詞

說明事物所屬關(guān)系的代詞,分為形容詞性和名詞性兩種。

1.形容詞性物主代詞只能作句子中名詞的修飾語,后面要跟名詞。如：

Is that your umbrella?

I often go to see my aunt on Sundays.

These are their books.

2.名詞性物主代詞相當于名詞,既代替事物又表明所屬關(guān)系,在句子中往往獨立地作主語、賓語或者表語,后面千萬不可以跟名詞。如：

This is your cup, but where is mine?(這是你的杯子,可我的在哪兒?)

Your classroom is very big, but ours is rather small. (你們的教室很大,我們的相當小)

3.“of + 名詞性物主代詞”稱為雙重所有格,作定語時放在名詞的后面。如：

A friend of mine came to see me yesterday. (我的一個朋友昨天來看我了) (指若干朋友中有一個來看我。)

My friend came to see me yesterday. (我的朋友昨天來看我了)(指我的那個特定的朋友來看我。)

五、反身代詞

表示謂語的動作與主語有關(guān)或者賓語補足語的動作與賓語有關(guān)。

1.反身代詞在句子中作賓語表示反射(指一個動作回到該動作執(zhí)行者本身)。如：

Don’t play with the knife, you might hurt yourself.

(不要玩刀子,那會割傷你的)

2.在句子中作同位語表示強調(diào)(即用來強調(diào)名詞或代詞的語氣)。如：

The story itself is good. Only he didn’t tell it well.

(故事本身是好的,只是他沒有講好)

3.help oneself to 隨便吃:

help yourself to the cake.

enjoy oneself過得很快活:

They enjoyed themselves at the park.

teach oneself 自學(xué)：

She taught myself Latin.

devote oneself to 獻身于：

Madame Curie devoted herself to science.

同步練習(xí)

一、用適當?shù)娜朔Q代詞填空：

1. _____ is my aunt. We often visit ____.

2. China is a developing country. __ is in the east of Asia.

3. - What day is ____ today?

- ____ is Thursday.

4. These new houses are so nice. ___ are very expensive.

5. Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at English .

6. Kate wants a glass of milk. Will you pass it to ____ ?

7. What’s the weather like today ? ____ is cloudy.

答案：

(1.She,her 2.It 3. it,It 4.They 5.He 6.her 7.It)

二、用人稱代詞或物主代詞填空：

1. I own a blue bike. The red one isn’t ___ . (I)

2. Ling Ling is a girl. __ studies in a primary school. __ brother lives with __ and helps __ with__ lessons. (She)

3. I ate all __ sandwiches yesterday. (I)

4. Can I have one of __? (you)

5. George has lost __ pen. Ask Mary if she will lend him _ .

6. Jack has a dog and so have I. __ (he) dog and __ (I) had a fight.

7. The teacher wants you to return that book of _ . (he)

8. Mr. and Mrs. Green and a friend of __ are coming to see us. (they)

9. We are going to Paris to stay with a French friend of __ . (we)

10. This isn’t___ knife. ___ is green. (she)

答案：

(1.mine 2.She,Her,her,her,her 3.my 4.yours 5.his,hers 6.His,my 7.his 8.theirs 9.ours 10.her,Hers

三. 選擇填空：

1. Those girls enjoyed ____ in the party last night.

A. them

B. they

C. themselves

D. herself

2. Help ____ to some fish, children.

A. yourself

B. your

C. yours

D. yourselves

3. The film ____ is very fun.

A. it’s

B. itself

C. it

D. its

4. –Who teaches ____ math?

–I teach ______.

A. your, myself

B. you, myself

C. you, me

D. you, herself

5. The father will make ____ a bike ____.

A. her, himself

B. she, himself

C. her, herself

D. she, herself

6. The scarf is ____, she made it_____.

A. herself, her

B. herself, hers

C. hers, herself

D. her, herself

7. ____ will spend the summer holiday in Hawaii.

A. She, you and I

B. You, she and I

C. I, you and she

D. Her, me and you

8. Luckily, he didn’t hurt ____ terribly yesterday.

A. him

B. themselves

C. himself

D. they

9. Between you and ____, he is not a real friend.

A. me

B. I

C. he

D. his

答案：

(1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.C 9.A)

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