來(lái)源:網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源 作者:中考網(wǎng)整理 2020-04-08 15:39:11
注意:表示下雨時(shí),可以用rain的不同形式來(lái)表達(dá)。例如:
(1)There was a heavy rain during the night. (rain作不可數(shù)名詞,意為“雨”)夜間下了一場(chǎng)大雨。
(2)It is rainy in Beijing. (rainy是rain的形容詞形式,意為“下雨的”)
= It is raining in Beijing. (rain 作動(dòng)詞)北京在下雨。
2. windy
windy是wind的形容詞形式,意為“多風(fēng)的”,是名詞wind加y變來(lái)的形容詞。英語(yǔ)中,許多表天氣的名詞后加y,可以變成相應(yīng)的形容詞。例如:
cloud(云) +y→cloudy 多云的 sun (太陽(yáng)) + n +y→sunny (晴朗的)
rain(雨) + y→rainy(下雨的) snow(雪) + y→snowy (下雪的)
3. cook
cook作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“烹調(diào)”,其后可接三餐或具體的某種菜肴作賓語(yǔ),也可作不及物動(dòng)詞。例如:
My mother cooks breakfast for me every morning.
媽媽每天早上給我做早飯。
She’s cooking now. 她正在做飯。
拓展:
(1)cook 作名詞,意為“廚師”。例如:
His uncle is a good cook. 他的叔叔是一個(gè)好廚師。
(2)cook 后加-er,構(gòu)成cooker,是可數(shù)名詞,意為“廚具”。例如:
There are all kinds of cookers in the supermarket.
超市里有各種各樣的廚具。
4. message
message 意為“消息,信息”。take a message 意為“捎個(gè)口信”;leave a message 意為“留個(gè)口信”;send a message 意為“發(fā)送信息”。例如:
Can I take a message for him?
我能給他捎個(gè)口信嗎?
He sent a message to me yesterday.
他昨天給我發(fā)了一條信息。
5. back
back 副詞,意為“回來(lái)”或者“回原處”。call sb. back 意為“給某人回個(gè)電話”。例如:
I’ll call (you) back. 我將(給你)回電話。
(1)back 還可以和其他一些動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,如:
be back (返回),come back (回來(lái)), go back (回去),
get back (返回), bring back (拿回來(lái))等。
例如:It’s September now. We are all back at school. 現(xiàn)在是九月,我們都回到了學(xué)校。
When are you coming back? 你什么時(shí)候回來(lái)?
(2)back 作名詞,意為“后背”,“后面”或“后部”。例如:
Do you know the little boy on his back?
你認(rèn)識(shí)他背上的那個(gè)小男孩嗎?
There is a blackboard at the back of our classroom.
我們教室后面有一塊黑板。
(3)back 作形容詞,意為“后面的”。
There is a picture on the back wall.
后墻上有張圖畫(huà)。
6. dry
(1)dry作形容詞, 意為“干燥的”,其反義詞為“潮濕的”。例如:
This coat will keep you dry in the rain.
這件外套將使你在雨中不被淋濕。
(2)dry 作動(dòng)詞,既可以作及物動(dòng)詞也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“使干燥,弄干,變干”。例如:
Don’t cry! Dry your eyes.
別哭了!擦干眼淚。
The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun.
濕衣服在陽(yáng)光下很快就會(huì)干。
7. cold&hot; warm&cool
(1)cold 寒冷的,冷的; 它的反義詞是hot,意為“炎熱的”;在句子中做定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ);常用來(lái)描述天氣。例如:
It’s hot today. 今天天氣炎熱。
On a cold night, we stayed at home and watched TV.
在一個(gè)寒冷的夜晚,我們呆在家里看電視。
(2)warm 意為“暖和的”,cool意為“涼爽的”;這是也是一組反義詞,常用來(lái)描述天氣;也常用來(lái)做定語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)。例如:
It’s warm in spring and cool in autumn.
春天天氣暖和,秋天天氣涼爽。
注意:cool 還可以用形容詞,還有“酷的,絕妙的”之意。用來(lái)贊美人、物或者事。例如:
He looks cool in his new T-shirt.
他穿上新T恤看上去很酷。
8. sit&seat
二者均可表示“坐”,sit是不及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)是人;seat是及物動(dòng)詞,主語(yǔ)是人時(shí),表示“使……坐下”,賓語(yǔ)常是反身代詞;主語(yǔ)是處所時(shí),表示“能坐多少人”。例如:
She sits alone in her room.
她獨(dú)自坐在房間里。
Our classroom can seat fifty students.
我們教室能坐50個(gè)學(xué)生。
9. vacation
vacation 意為“假期”,on a vacation 意為“度假”。例如:
In summer, we often go to the mountains on a vacation.
夏天我們經(jīng)常去山里度假。
拓展:vacation&holiday
vacation
“假期”,指放下工作和學(xué)習(xí)的一段較長(zhǎng)的休息時(shí)間,常可以用holiday替換。
holiday
“假日,休息日”,主要指按風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣或法律規(guī)定的紀(jì)念日或休息日。在英式英語(yǔ)中,其復(fù)數(shù)形式可表示延續(xù)一段時(shí)間的“假期”,美式英語(yǔ)則習(xí)慣用單數(shù)。
10. hard
hard副詞,意為“努力地,辛苦地”,常放在動(dòng)詞后面修飾動(dòng)詞。例如:
They are studying hard. 他們?cè)谂W(xué)習(xí)。
hard 還可以作形容詞,意為“困難的,艱難的”時(shí),與difficult同義,與easy相反;意為“硬的,牢固的”,與soft相對(duì);hard還可以意為“嚴(yán)的,嚴(yán)厲的”。例如:
The stone is hard. 石頭很硬。
Don’t be too hard on her—she’s very young.
別對(duì)她太嚴(yán)厲了——她還小呢。
11. mountain&hill
mountain
指陡峭連綿的高山
the Taihang Mountains 太行山脈
hill
指較低矮的小山或丘陵
It’s easy to climb a hill but difficult to climb a mountain. 爬小山很容易,但爬大山很難。
12. country
(1) country 名詞,意為“國(guó),國(guó)家”。復(fù)數(shù)形式是countries。例如:
This is a beautiful country.
這是一個(gè)美麗的國(guó)家。
Chinais a big country.
中國(guó)是一個(gè)大國(guó)。
(2)country 作名詞,還可以指“農(nóng)村,鄉(xiāng)下”,相當(dāng)于countryside, 前面常用定冠詞the。例如:
My grandparents live in the country.
我的爺爺奶奶住在農(nóng)村。
練一練:
Ⅰ. 英漢互譯。
1.玩兒電腦游戲________ 2. at/in the park_______ 3. right now_______
4. 喝橘子汁________ 5. write to sb.________ 6. 打籃球_______
Ⅱ. 根據(jù)句意和首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。
1. How’s the w_______ inBeijing?
2. It often s______ in the north ofChinain winter and the weather is very cold.
3. They are inFranceon v______.
4. It’s too h_______. Let’s go swimming.
5. She is sitting at the b______ of the classroom.
6. My mother is c_______ in the kitchen.
7. There is a m______ for you from your cousin.
8. Study h______ and you can pass the test.
9. China is a large c_______.
10. Your coat is wet. You can make it d______ in the sun.
Ⅲ. 用括號(hào)中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
1. It’s a ______ (rain) day.
2. That _______ (sound) bad.
3. Look! It is ______ (snow).
4. Hello! Lily ______ (speak).
5. I don’t know the time. My watch doesn’t ______ (work).
Ⅳ.選詞填空。
1. He is a _____. He is ______ dinner now. ( cooking/cook/cooker)
2. He can’t answer so difficult ______ (problems / questions)
3. In a park, _______ children are playing in the snow. (some of / some)
4. He has only _____ sister. She is reading ______ book now.(a/one)
5. I’m ______ English and I’m ______ a lot from my teacher. (studying/learning)
6. I want to know the time but my watch isn’t ______ .(going / working)
7. Have a ______ (sit/seat) please.
8. Climbing the high_______(hill/mountain) is not easy.
9. The ______ is shinning. It’s ______ (sunny/sun).
10. It often ______ (is raining / rains) in summer in my hometown.
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