現在進行時與過去進行時概述(3)

　　答案：1 is lying 2 is mending 3 are playing 4 are doing

　　5 Is cleaning 6 is singing 7 likes ; is wearing

　　一、把動詞變成現在分詞形式易出錯

　　例：1、They are swiming.(swim)

　　2 、Jenny is plaiing(play)football.

　　答案：1.swimming 2 .playing

　　解析：動詞變現在分詞可有如下口訣:“一添一去y不變”. “一添”指雙寫規則;“一去”指去掉不發音字母e規則;“y不變”指要與名詞變復數區分開。

　　二、丟掉be動詞或忘記把動詞變成現在分詞

　　例：1、 Look,two children flying.(fly) a kite in the park.

　　2 、Li Mingisn’t read ( not read) a book in bed now.

　　答案：1 are flying 2 isn’t reading

　　解析:現在進行時肯定句的結構規律為: “be+現在分詞,缺一不可”。這一點必須牢記。

　　三、對動詞或動詞詞組提問時丟掉doing

　　例：1 、The students are singing in the room.(對劃線部分提問)

　　What are the students in the room?

　　答案：What are the students doing in the room?

　　解析:現在進行時態中對動作提問可記住此句式“What +be +主語+doing+其它?”

　　或簡寫為“What......doing......”?句式。

　　四、現在進行時態的選擇疑問句中易忽視or后用現在分詞形式

　　例：孩子們在跑還是在跳?

　　Are the children running or jump?

　　答案：Are the children running or jumping?

　　解析: or連接的是兩個并列成分，動詞形式須一致。

　　過去進行時

　　其結構是助動詞be的過去形式was/were +v-ing.

　　其句式變化仍然要在be上做文章。E.g. We were working in class.

　　We weren’t working in class. Were you working in class?

　　1) 概念：表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。

　　E.g. They were playing football at ten o’clock yesterday morning.

　　My mother was cooking when I got home.

　　I was washing my clothes at this time yesterday.

　　2) 過去某階段持續進行的動作 What were you doing during the holiday? 另外，在復合句中，若主要動作和背景動作是同時發生的，那么主從句都可用過去進行時e.g. Jenny was reading while Danny was writing.

　　3) 常用的時間狀語

　　過去進行時常與過去某一特定時間的狀語連用，如 last night, at that time, at noon yesterday, last Sunday 等。也有時沒有時間狀語，要通過上下文的暗示來確定用過去進行時。E.g. The students all worked hard. Everyone knew what he was working for.

　　My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.

　　It was raining when they left the station.

　　When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

　　典型例題

　　1) Mary ___ a dress when she cut her finger.

　　A. made　 B. is making　 C. was making　 D. makes

　　答案C. 割傷手指是已發生的事情，應用過去時。同　時，when表時間的同時性，"瑪麗在做衣服時"提供事情發生的背景，因此用過去進行時。

　　2) As she ___ the newspaper, Granny ___ asleep.

　　read; was falling　B. was reading; fell　C. was reading; was falling　D. read;fell

　　答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為"當……之時"。描述一件事發生的背景時，用過去進行;一個長動作發生的時候，另一個短動作發生。句意為 "在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。"句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。

　　做題時常見錯誤如下：

　　一、易把be+現在分詞記成be+過去分詞

　　例：He was talked (talk) to his mum at that time.

　　答案：was talking

　　解析：過去進行時與現在進行時結構上的區別體現在be動詞上。

　　二、丟掉be動詞或忘記把動詞變成現在分詞

　　例：1 I watching (watch) TV when he came in.

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