衡中老師整理的英語學科疫情考點(2)

　　III.語法填空(一）（外來題）

　　導讀：每個成為吹哨人的人，一定都知道自己未來將要面對的命運，但是他們還是選擇了站了出來，讓更多應該知道真相的人知道了真相。

　　以此文沉痛哀悼和紀念一位偉大的醫生！

　　We are deeply saddened by thepassing of Dr. Li Wenliang.

　　Dr. Li Wenliang， one of the eight“whistleblowers” who tried _____1_____ (warn) fellow medics（醫師） of _____2_____ novel coronavirus when it firstemerged（出現） in Wuhan， diedearly on Friday. Wuhan Central Hospital _____3_____ (confirm) in a statementreleased on _____4_____ (it) official Weibo account. “Our hospital’sophthalmologist Li Wenliang was _____5_____ (unfortunate) infected withcoronavirus during his work in the fight _____6_____ the coronavirus epidemic，”the statement read， _____7_____ (add) “He died at 2：58 a.m. on February 7 afterattempts to resuscitate were unsuccessful.”

　　“After emergency treatment， LiWenliang passed away，” the Central Hospital of Wuhan announced on Weibo， China’s version of Twitter. “We deeply regret and mourn Li’s _____8_____ (die).”

　　Dr. Li is a hero， _____9_____will live in our hearts forever. May God bless all the courageous doctors and_____10_____ (nurse) fighting on the front line.

　　IV.語法填空（二）（原創）

　　導讀：（醫學發現）發現三種可抑制新型冠狀病毒的藥物

　　Chineseresearchers have found three ___1___(exist)drugs with ___2___(fair)good inhibitory(抑制的) effects on the novel(新穎的）coronavirus  ___3___thecellular（細胞的） level， a local newspaper has reported. The threedrugs are Remdesivir， Chloroquine and Ritonavir. They are now under relevant ___4___ (procedure)to gain approval for ___5___ (clinic)use， said Hubei Daily ___6___ Wednesday. The ___7___(discover) was jointly made by researchers from theAcademy of Military Medical Sciences and the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) under the Chinese Academy ofSciences (CAS).

　　V.語法填空（三）（原創）

　　導讀：起源于武漢的新型冠狀病毒與季節性流感有相似之處，然而區分二者對于抑制新型冠狀病毒的傳播及其重要。

　　The novel coronavirus(冠狀病毒)， which____1____(originate)in the Chinese city of Wuhan and has now spread to 12countries， has much in common ____2___ seasonal flu. They are both viralinfections， share similar symptoms and crucially(關鍵地） can spread from human to human. In themidst of flu season in much of the northern hemisphere， ____3___(tell) thedifference between the two will be vital in stopping its spread.

　　Human coronaviruses， of which there are four， can causerespiratory (呼吸道)infectionssimilar to flu： while many symptoms are mild， both can lead to pneumonia（肺炎） andbecome lethal（致命的）. ___4___， the novel coronavirus is moreserious than __5__ "typical influenza infection，(流感)"says Ian Jones， a professor of virology at the University of Reading.

　　"Thisvirus appears to go___6___(far) down into the lungs than would generally be thecase. Therefore， it will give you___7___ (symptom) of pneumonia(肺炎)： thelungs becoming flooded， they don't function very well and the patient gets intobreathing difficulty."

　　Whilethe mortality rates and symptoms of flu and novel coronavirus may end up beingsimilar， humans' ability ___8____(fight) off the viruses differs greatly.

　　Humanshave naturally built up antibodies to seasonal flu and annual vaccines____9____(develop) to fight it. During a pandemic(流行病)， whichthe new coronavirus has the potential to become， "there is no immunity(免疫性) in the population so you have potentialfor a ___10___(globe) spread，" warns Jones.

　　VI.語法填空（四）（原創）

　　導讀：為了應對由新型冠狀病毒引起的焦慮與心理問題，國家衛生健康委員會要求省級區域聯合心理援助資源，并標準化這些公共服務。

　　1_______(address)anxiety and mental health concerns caused by the novel coronavirus outbreak，the National Health Commission has required provincial-level regions to combine2.______(psychology) support resources and standardize such public services.

　　"Colleges3.____ (equip) with psychological centers are also encouraged to step upintervention and counseling（建議） to students 4.___ may be affected by thedisease's spread，" said Wang Bin， deputy director of the commission'sdisease control and 5.___(prevent) bureau（局，辦事處） at a news conference held onMonday.

　　Daysof intensive（密集的）work had exhausted him and caused him to lose 6.____ temper for a brief moment.The doctor quickly collected himself and went back to 7. ______(treat)patients.

　　YangFude， Party secretary of the Beijing Huilongguan Hospital， said many medicalworkers and personnel 8.____charge of registering and screening residents inneighborhoods 9.______(face) tremendous pressure and are pushing their mentaland physical 10____(limit).

　　VII.短文改錯（原創）

　　導讀：世界衛生組織宣布，抗生素對于抗病毒無效，但抗生素的使用可以應對新型冠狀病毒患者可能并發的細菌感染。

　　"Antibiotics do not work againstviruses， only bacteria，" the WHO said on it’s official website. However，if the patient is hospitalized for the virus， he may accept antibiotics since"bacterial co-infection is possible，" the organization added. Up tonow， there are no specific medicine for preventing or treating the virus， theWHO said， adding that it is working with partners to help accelerate relatingresearch and development work. "People of all ages" can be infectedwith the novel coronavirus， elder people and people with pre-existing medicalconditions are more like to suffer， the WHO said. The organization advisedpeople to wash hands after contacting with pets， which can help protect them against"various common bacteria that can pass among pets and humans." Chinesehealth authorities said on Monday that it received reports of 2，829 newconfirmed cases of novel coronavirus infection and 57 death on Sunday.

　　VIII.書面表達

　　導讀：無論你身處哪里，這是全世界、全人類的戰役。

　　假如你是李華，給留在衡水過寒假的留學生朋友Jack寫一封電子郵件， 告知其目前新型冠狀病毒肺炎的形勢， 請他注意防護。要點如下：

　　1 告知疫情現狀；

　　2注意防護，如減少外出，帶口罩外出，勤洗手等。

　　3表達戰勝疫情的信心。

　　注意：1、可適當增加細節， 使行文連貫；

　　2、100詞左右。

　　Part 2 時文擴展閱讀

　　1.  CNN關于新型冠狀病毒疫苗的最新報道 (疫情發展變化中)

　　本文話題詞匯：

　　vaccine 疫苗

　　virus 病毒

　　infect 傳染；使感染

　　clinical trial  臨床試驗

　　coronavirus  冠狀病毒

　　influenza 流行性感冒

　　health care worker  醫護人員

　　infected patient  受感染的病人

　　genetic code  基因序列

　　背景知識

　　coronavirus 冠狀病毒，這樣稱呼的原因是這種病毒在顯微鏡下呈冠狀，像一頂王冠。而 “王冠”一詞在拉丁語中是corona 。按西方學術概念名稱使用拉丁語（或古希臘語）的習慣，人們將corona與virus 放在一起構成合成詞coronavirus，即“冠狀病毒”。（virus 一詞也來自拉丁語）

　　(CNN) — Ateam of scientists in Texas， New York and China are at work on a vaccineagainst the new virus that has infected lots of people worldwide. The NationalInstitutes of Health (NIH) is also working on a vaccine. It will take a fewmonths until the first phase of the clinical trials get underway.

　　來自德克薩斯州、紐約和中國的一組科學家正在研制疫苗，以對抗這種已感染世界上很多人的新型病毒。美國國立衛生研究院（簡稱NIH）也在著手研制疫苗。到第一階段的臨床試驗開始將需要幾個月的時間。

　　This newvirus is a coronavirus， which is the same family as the virus that causes SARS，or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome， which was first reported in Asia in 2002and killed more than 700 people. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome， or MERS，which has killed more than 800 people since 2012， is also caused by a coronavirus.

　　這種新型病毒是一種冠狀病毒，與引起SARS（重癥急性呼吸系統綜合征）的病毒屬于同一科。SARS于2002年在亞洲被首次報道，導致700多人死亡。自2012年以來已經導致800多人死亡的中東呼吸綜合征（MERS）也是由一種冠狀病毒引起的。

　　“Thelesson we’ve learned is coronavirus infections are serious and one of thenewest and biggest global health threats，” said Dr. Peter Hotez， a vaccinescientist in Houston. He added that it’s less challenging to develop a vaccinefor coronaviruses than for other viruses such as HIV or influenza. If a vaccineis developed， he said， health care workers might be among the first to receiveit because they are exposed to infected patients.

　　“我們得到的教訓是，冠狀病毒感染是嚴重的，是最新和最大的全球健康威脅之一，”休斯敦疫苗科學家彼得·霍特茲博士說。他補充道，開發一種針對冠狀病毒的疫苗，其難度低于針對艾滋病或流感等其它病毒的疫苗。他說，如果研制出了疫苗，醫護人員可能是最先接種的人，因為他們接觸受感染的病人。

　　It is“remarkable” that scientists are able to start developing a vaccine for a virusthat was identified less than a month ago， he said. He credited Chineseresearchers， who quickly sequenced (確定…的化學結構序列) and published the virus’s genome(基因組).“With SARS， it took almost a year to be able to identify and map the fullgenetic code，” he said. “Now we’re doing this in just a few weeks.”

　　他說，科學家能夠開始研制不到一個月前才被發現的病毒的疫苗，這是“非凡的”。他將這歸功于中國的研究人員，因為他們迅速地對病毒的基因組進行了排序并公布了結果。他說：“當時的SARS，我們花了將近一年的時間來識別和繪制完整的基因序列。現在我們只用了幾周的時間。”

　　2. 新型冠狀病毒，你需要知道些啥

　　——英國《衛報》

　　This isan outbreak of disease that started in Wuhan， one of the central Chinese cities.It’s caused by a novel corona virus that means it’s brand-new. So new thatactually it doesn’t have a name yet.

　　這次疾病爆發始于武漢，中國的一個中部城市。它是由新型冠狀病毒引起的，這意味著它是全新的，新到實際上還沒來得及給它起名。

　　What are the symptoms？

　　It’s froma family called the corona viruses. The symptoms of this illness are prettymundane (平凡的)on the face of it： it’s a dry cough fever and then breathing problems. It seemsquite mild in lots of people， and probably those people don’t end up inhospital at all.

　　癥狀是哪些？

　　它來自冠狀病毒科。從表面看，這種疾病癥狀相當普通：干咳、發燒和呼吸困難。對很多人來說，癥狀輕微，這些人甚至可能都不用住院。

　　We onlyknow about the more severe cases， which is where people have gone on to developviral pneumonia， and those people obviously end up in hospital， and all thedeaths have been amongst those people.

　　我們只知道那些更嚴重的病例，即繼續發展成病毒性肺炎的病例，那些人顯然最終要住院，而所有死亡的人都在這些人里。

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