2019中考初中英語全部知識(shí)點(diǎn)（一）

【知識(shí)梳理】

I. 重點(diǎn)短語

1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work 11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping

II. 重要句型

1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about…?3. Let?s do sth. 4. It?s time to do sth.5. It?s time for … 6. What?s…? It is…/ It?s…7. Where is…? It?s…. 8. How old are you? I?m…. 9. What class are you in? I?m in….10. Welcome to…. 11. What?s …plus…? It?s….12. I think… 13. Who?s this? This is…. 14. What can you see?I can see…. 15. There is (are) …. 16. What colour is it (are they)? It?s (They?re)…17. Whose …is this? It?s….18. What time is it? It?s….

III. 交際用語

1. Good morning, Miss/Mr….2. Hello! Hi! 3. Nice to meet you. Nice to meet you, too. 4. How are you? I?m fine, thank you/thanks. And you?5. See you. See you later. 6. Thank you! You?re welcome.7. Goodbye! Bye! 8. What?s your name? My name is ….9. Here you are. This way, please. 10. Who?s on duty today?11. Let?s do.12. Let me see.

IV. 重要語法

1. 動(dòng)詞be的用法; 2. 人稱代詞和物主代詞的用法;3. 名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)和所有格的用法;4. 冠詞的基本用法;5. There be句型的用法。

【名師講解】

1. in/on 在表示空間位置時(shí)，in表示在某個(gè)空間的范圍以內(nèi)，on表示在某一個(gè)物體的表面之上。例如：There is a bird in the tree. 樹上有只鳥。There is a picture on the wall. 墻上有張圖。2. this/that/these/those (1)this常常用來指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上更接近講話人的 人和事，these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式。that常常用來指在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)上離講話人更遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)的人和事，those時(shí)that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

例如：You look in this box and I?ll look in that one over there.你看看這個(gè)盒子，我去看那邊的那個(gè)盒子。I want this car, not that car. 我想要這輛小汽車， 不是那一輛。 Take these books to his room, please. 請(qǐng)把這些書 拿到他房間去。 This is mine; that?s yours. 這個(gè)是我的，那個(gè)是你 的。 These are apples; those are oranges. 這些是蘋果， 那些是橘子。

(2)在打電話的用語中，this常常指的是我，that常 常指的是對(duì)方。例如： This is Mary speaking. Who?s that? 我是瑪麗。你 是誰?3. There be/ have There be "有"，其確切含意為"某處或某時(shí)存在某人或某物。"其結(jié)構(gòu)是：There be + 某人或某物+ 表示地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的狀語。There be 后面的名詞實(shí)際上是主語，be 動(dòng)詞的形式要和主語在數(shù)上保持一致，be動(dòng)詞后面的名詞是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)用is，名詞是復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)用are。例如： (1) There is a big bottle of coke on the table. 桌上有一大瓶子可樂。(2) There is a doll in the box. 那個(gè)盒子里有個(gè)娃娃。

(3) There are many apples on the tree. 那樹上有許多蘋果。 總之，There be結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是一種客觀存在的"有"。have表示"擁有，占有，具有"，即：某人有某物(sb. have / has sth.)。主語一般是名詞或代詞，與主語是所屬關(guān)系。例如： (4) I have two brothers and one sister.我有兩個(gè)兄弟，一個(gè)姐姐。 (5) That house has four rooms.那所房子有四個(gè)房間。

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